The Carmen Massif is a hilly area whose shape resembles a sleeping monster. It is located in the southern part of the Burtinskaya Steppe site and has various types of vegetation, including rocky, shrubby, meadow and steppe areas. Mount Carmen is part of a cuesta-shaped ridge with a sloping slope in the southwest and a steep steep slope in the sout
Spring Kainar
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The Kainar spring, located on the territory of the Burtinskaya Steppe nature reserve in the Belyaevsky district, Tambov region, is one of the natural resources of the region. This spring stands out for its clear water and unusually high iodine content, making it a unique source of water.
The source of the stream, which arises from the Kainar spring, after the Salty tract it takes on a different name - “Tuzlukkol”. The spring remains active even in severe frosts, and in summer its temperature remains cool, not exceeding 9°C.
The spring water passes through a layer of red conglomerates and sandstones, and its mineralization ranges from 0.35 to 0.4 g/l. A feature of the spring water is its high iodine content, which is unusual for groundwater in the aeration zone. This indicates a possible hydraulic connection between the aquifer complex feeding the spring and deeper waters.
The source of the stream, fed by the Kainar spring, flows near the Koskol lakes, and then crosses the outcrops of salts and gypsum of the Kungurian stage of the Lower Permian. Here the stream and the tract bear the common name Tuzlukkol (“tuzluk” - brine, “kol” - lake).
On the bank of the stream, downstream from the Kainar spring, there is another spring, from which brine, saturated with salt, flows instead of water. This led to the formation of unique deposits of healing mud, known far beyond the borders of the region.
The Kainar spring and its surroundings are an important site of natural value, attracting the attention of both tourists and researchers due to its unique hydrogeological nature and inherent properties.
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